Andhra Pradesh is India's fifth largest state (in terms of area) spreading over an area of 2,76,754 sq. kms. It is located between 12° 41' and 22° East longitude and 77° and 84° 40' North latitude. It shares common boundaries with Madhya Pradesh and Orissa to the north, the Bay of Bengal to the east, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka to the south and Maharashtra to the west. The state also forms a major link between the north and south of India.

For administrative purpose the state has been divided into 23 districts.
On the basis of geographical position, Andhra Pradesh can be divided into three distinct regions viz. Kosta (Coastal Andhra), Telangana and Rayalaseema.

Telangana lies west of the Ghats on the Deccan plateau. The Godavari River and Krishna River rise in the Western Ghats of Karnataka and Maharashtra and flow east across Telangana to empty into the Bay of Bengal in a combined river delta.

Kosta occupies the coastal plain between Eastern Ghats ranges, which run the length of the state, and the Bay of Bengal.

Rayalaseema is situated in the southeast of the state on the Deccan plateau, in the basin of the Penner River. It is separated from Telangana by the low Erramala hills and from Coastal Andhra by the Eastern Ghats.